Heat Pump Installation in Belgium: Standards and Regulations
Installing a heat pump is an effective solution for reducing your energy consumption and improving the comfort of your home. However, in Belgium, regulations vary depending on the region (Wallonia, Flanders, Brussels-Capital) and the power of the unit. Here's a complete guide to the standards and requirements you need to know before installing a heat pump.
1. General Standards for the Installation of Heat Pumps
Power and Authorizations
- Less than 200 kW : For heat pumps with a motor power of less than 200 kW, a simple prior declaration is generally sufficient.
- Greater than 200 kW : Beyond this power, a planning permit or an environmental permit may be required, especially if the installation requires significant infrastructure work.
Planning permission requirements vary by region:
- In Wallonia : A planning permit is required if the installation does not meet certain conditions, such as a volume greater than 1 m³, an installation less than 3 meters from the shared boundaries, or visibility from the road.
- In Flanders : Low-power installations generally require a simplified declaration, while larger installations may require a permit.
- In Brussels : Specific rules apply, particularly for the installation of outdoor units, with restrictions on installation on the front facade.
2. Acoustic Standards for Heat Pumps
The noise generated by a heat pump is an important criterion taken into account by the Belgian authorities. The acoustic standards are defined by NBN S 01-400-1 and vary depending on the region and the time of day:
- In Wallonia :
- Maximum noise level: 40 dB at night, 50 dB during the day and 45 dB in the evening.
- In Brussels : Specific measures are being taken to limit noise pollution in the neighbourhood, with strict thresholds for residential areas.
- In Flanders : Acoustic regulations also follow strict standards, but they can vary depending on the municipality.
It is essential to choose a heat pump that complies with local acoustic standards to avoid any conflict with neighbors or authorities.
3. Specific Regional Regulations
Walloon Region
- Heat pumps with a cooling capacity exceeding 300 kW or which use a watercourse before a planning permit.
- Grants are available to encourage the installation of heat pumps, particularly as part of energy renovation projects.
- Low-power installations (generally less than 200 kW) must be declared simplified.
- The most powerful installations may require a permit, depending on their environmental and acoustic impact.
- The installation of outdoor units is strictly regulated. For example, it is prohibited to install an outdoor unit on the front facade of a building.
- Specific measures are taken to limit noise and visual nuisance.
4. Average Price Grid for the Installation of a Heat Pump
Although prices vary depending on the power, type of heat pump and the work required, here is an indicative price list to help you assess your budget:
Important note : These costs generally include the purchase of equipment, installation, and related work. Financial assistance (regional, federal, or European) can significantly reduce these costs.
5. Practical Advice Before Installing a Heat Pump
- Consult Local Authorities : Regulations may vary from one municipality to another. Contact your local government for specific information.
- Choose a Qualified Professional : Make sure the installer is certified and experienced in installing heat pumps.
- Evaluate your energy needs : A preliminary thermal study can help you determine the ideal thermal power for your heat pump.
- Check Financial Aid : Depending on your region and your income, you may be eligible for significant grants to finance your project.
Conclusion
Installing a heat pump in Belgium is subject to strict standards that vary depending on the region and the unit's power. Whether you're in Wallonia, Flanders, or Brussels, it's essential to comply with regulations regarding permits, noise levels, and installation. By taking these requirements into account and consulting with local authorities, you can ensure a compliant installation project that benefits your home.
If you need additional information or personalized support, do not hesitate to contact a qualified professional in your area.